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Act on Work Performed through a Digital Labour Platform and on Amendments to Certain Acts

262/2026 Z. z. · 2026-12-02

This text is published in advance and is not yet in force. In force from 02.12.2026.

Only the Slovak text is authentic.

Translated: 100 %

The translation was produced by artificial intelligence. It is unofficial and a lawyer has not checked it yet. Only the Slovak text is authentic.

262
ACT
on Work Performed through a Digital Labour Platform and on Amendments to Certain Acts
The National Council of the Slovak Republic has adopted the following Act:
Čl. I AI
PRVÁ ČASŤ
BASIC PROVISIONS
§ 1 AI
Subject Matter
(1) This Act regulates legal relations in the performance of platform work.
(2) This Act applies to platform work performed in the territory of the Slovak Republic through a digital labour platform, irrespective of where the digital labour platform has its registered office or place of business or where it is registered, and irrespective of the law applicable to the contractual relationship between the person performing platform work and the digital labour platform or the intermediary.
(3) The Labour Code applies to the employment relationships of platform employees unless this Act provides otherwise.
(4) This Act is without prejudice to the rights and obligations of natural persons and legal persons and the competence of state administration bodies laid down by special regulations in the area of protection of the rights of natural persons against unlawful processing of their personal data.
§ 2 AI
Definitions
(1) For the purposes of this Act
a) a digital labour platform is a natural person who is an entrepreneur, or a legal person, providing a service
1. at least in part at a distance by electronic means, in particular a website or a mobile application,
2. at the request of a recipient of the service,
3. involving, as a necessary and essential component, the organisation of work performed by natural persons for remuneration, irrespective of whether that work is performed online or in a certain location, and
4. involving the use of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system,
b) platform work is work organised through a digital labour platform and performed by a natural person on the basis of a contractual relationship between the digital labour platform or an intermediary and the natural person, irrespective of whether a contractual relationship exists between that natural person or the intermediary and the recipient of the service,
c) a person performing platform work is a natural person who performs platform work, irrespective of the nature of the contractual relationship or the formal designation of the contractual relationship by the contracting parties,
d) a platform employee is a person performing platform work in an employment relationship, including an employment relationship whose existence was determined by a court on the basis of the application of the legal presumption under ,
e) an intermediary is a natural person who is an entrepreneur, or a legal person, who, for the purpose of making platform work available to or through a digital labour platform,
1. have established a contractual relationship with the digital labour platform and a contractual relationship with the person performing platform work, or
2. are in a subcontracting chain between the digital labour platform and the person performing platform work,
f) platform employees' representatives are employee representatives under ,
g) representatives of persons performing platform work are platform employees' representatives and, in the case of persons performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship, a trade union,
h) an automated monitoring system is a system used to carry out or support the monitoring, supervision or evaluation, by electronic means, of the work performance of persons performing platform work or of activities carried out within the work environment, including the collection of personal data,
i) an automated decision-making system is a system used to take or support, by electronic means, decisions that significantly affect persons performing platform work, including the working conditions of platform employees, in particular decisions affecting their recruitment or selection procedure, access to and organisation of work assignments, earnings including the pricing of individual assignments, safety and health in the performance of platform work, working time, access to training, promotion or its equivalent, and their contractual status, including the restriction, suspension or termination of their platform account,
j) restriction of a platform account is any restriction of a person performing platform work in performing platform work for a digital labour platform through a platform account, including restriction of access to the platform account or to work assignments.
(2) A provider of a service whose primary purpose is to exploit or share assets, or through which a natural person who is not an entrepreneur may resell goods, is not a digital labour platform.
§ 3 AI
Nature of the Contractual Relationship in the Performance of Platform Work
(1) The contractual relationship between a digital labour platform or an intermediary and a person performing platform work is an employment relationship if the characteristics of dependent work under the Labour Code are met or if a court has determined the existence of an employment relationship on the basis of the application of the legal presumption under
(2) In determining the actual nature of the contractual relationship between a digital labour platform or an intermediary and a person performing platform work and whether the characteristics of dependent work are met, the primary basis shall be the facts relating to the actual performance of platform work, including the use of automated monitoring systems and automated decision-making systems in the organisation of platform work, irrespective of the formal designation of the contractual relationship between the digital labour platform or intermediary and the person performing platform work.
(3) For the purpose of determining whether platform work is performed in a relationship of superiority of the digital labour platform or intermediary and subordination of the person performing platform work, and whether the work is performed according to the instructions of the digital labour platform or intermediary, the assessment
a) of the existence of monitoring, direction and control shall not be limited to direct monitoring, direction and control, but shall also include an assessment of whether monitoring, direction and control are exercised by indirect measures, such as the application of punitive measures, restriction of the platform account or other forms of adverse treatment or pressure, and
b) shall not be limited to the fact of who is the owner or operator of the automated monitoring system or automated decision-making system, but must also include an assessment of on whose behalf the direction of platform work is carried out through that system.
(4) If a digital labour platform or an intermediary carries out an activity that constitutes the temporary assignment of employees to a user employer, the digital labour platform or intermediary may carry out that activity only if the conditions under special regulations are met.
§ 4 AI
Special Provision on the Performance of Platform Work within an Employment Relationship
The requirement that agreements on work performed outside an employment contract under the Labour Code be concluded only exceptionally does not apply to the performance of platform work.
§ 5 AI
Association of Persons Performing Platform Work in a Relationship Other than an Employment Relationship in a Trade Union
(1) Persons performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship have the right to establish trade unions and to join trade unions.
(2) A trade union shall inform the digital labour platform or intermediary in writing of the commencement of its activities at the digital labour platform or intermediary in relation to persons performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship and submit to them a list of the members of the trade union body. A trade union that has notified the commencement of its activities at an employer that is a digital labour platform or an intermediary and that extends its activities also to persons performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship shall inform that employer in writing of the commencement of its activities also in relation to persons performing platform work.
(3) A trade union operating at a digital labour platform or intermediary has the right to approach, in an appropriate manner, a person performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship in order to offer that person membership in it, and the right to inform, in an appropriate manner, persons performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship of its activities. applies mutatis mutandis to the exercise of the right under the first sentence.
(4) Persons performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship are entitled to exercise, through a trade union, their rights arising from this Act and from their contractual relationship with the digital labour platform or the intermediary.
DRUHÁ ČASŤ
ALGORITHMIC MANAGEMENT
§ 6 AI
Restriction of Processing of Personal Data by Means of an Automated Monitoring System or an Automated Decision-Making System
(1) A digital labour platform shall not, by means of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system, process the following categories of data of a person performing platform work:
a) personal data on their emotional or psychological state,
b) personal data relating to their private conversations, including exchanges with other persons performing platform work and with representatives of persons performing platform work,
c) personal data processed for the purpose of predicting the exercise of fundamental rights, including the right of association, the right to collective bargaining or collective action and the right to information or consultation under special regulations,
d) personal data from which racial origin, ethnic origin, migration status, political opinions, religious beliefs, philosophical beliefs, disability, state of health including chronic disease or HIV infection, emotional state, psychological state, trade union membership, sex life or sexual orientation can be inferred,
e) biometric data under a special regulation for the purpose of establishing the identity of a person performing platform work by comparing those data with biometric data of natural persons stored in a database.
(2) A digital labour platform shall not, by means of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system, collect personal data of a person performing platform work while the person performing platform work is not performing or offering platform work.
(3) Subsections 1 and 2 also apply to an automated system that is not an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system and that is used to take or support decisions that in any way affect persons performing platform work.
(4) Subsections 1 to 3 also apply to the recruitment or selection procedure for the performance of platform work.
§ 7 AI
Data Protection Impact Assessment
(1) Processing of personal data carried out by a digital labour platform by means of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system shall, for the purposes of a special regulation, be deemed processing likely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons.
(2) A digital labour platform acting as a controller under a special regulation shall, when carrying out a data protection impact assessment concerning persons performing platform work before processing their data by means of an automated monitoring system and an automated decision-making system, including the restrictions on the processing of personal data under , seek the views of persons performing platform work and of representatives of persons performing platform work on the intended processing of personal data.
(3) The digital labour platform shall provide the data protection impact assessment under subsection 2 to the representatives of persons performing platform work. The digital labour platform shall take measures to ensure that the procedure under the first sentence does not disclose classified information, banking secrecy, tax secrecy, trade secrets, a work protected by the Copyright Act, information on the technical and organisational measures adopted and documentation the disclosure of which could compromise the security and integrity of the information system of the digital labour platform, and does not breach a duty of confidentiality imposed or recognised by law; for that purpose, the digital labour platform shall adopt appropriate safeguards consisting of effective technical and organisational measures.
§ 8 AI
Transparency of Algorithmic Management
(1) A digital labour platform shall provide a candidate for platform work, a person performing platform work, representatives of persons performing platform work, the Office for Personal Data Protection of the Slovak Republic (hereinafter the "Office") and the labour inspectorate with information to the extent and under the conditions set out in subsections 2 to 8.
(2) The information
a) on an automated monitoring system must include
1. the fact that such a system is in use or is being introduced,
2. the categories of data and actions monitored, supervised or evaluated by the system, including evaluation by the recipient of the service,
3. the aim of the monitoring and how the system is to carry it out,
4. the recipients or categories of recipients of the personal data processed by the system and information on any transmission or transfer of such personal data, including within a group of undertakings,
b) on an automated decision-making system must include
1. the fact that such a system is in use or is being introduced,
2. the categories of decisions that are taken or supported by the system,
3. the categories of data and the main parameters that the system takes into account and the relative importance of those parameters in the automated decision-making, including the way in which the personal data or behaviour of the person performing platform work influence the decisions,
4. the grounds for decisions to restrict, suspend or terminate the platform account, to refuse remuneration for platform work and on the contractual status of the person performing platform work, as well as the grounds for any decision with equivalent adverse effects,
c) must include all categories of decisions taken or supported by an automated system that is not an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system which in any way affect persons performing platform work.
(3) A digital labour platform shall provide the information under subsection 2 in writing in paper form or in electronic form; the digital labour platform may provide that information to the person performing platform work in electronic form if the person performing platform work has access to the electronic form of the information, can store and print it, and the digital labour platform keeps proof of its sending or receipt. The information under the first sentence must be provided in a transparent, intelligible and easily accessible form and must be formulated in clear and plain language.
(4) A digital labour platform shall provide a candidate for platform work with concise information under subsection 2 on an automated monitoring system or automated decision-making system used in the recruitment or selection procedure before that procedure begins.
(5) A digital labour platform shall provide a person performing platform work with concise information under subsection 2 on all relevant systems and their features that directly affect that person and, where applicable, their working conditions,
a) no later than on the first day of performing platform work,
b) before the introduction of changes affecting their working conditions, the organisation of platform work or the monitoring of work performance,
c) at any time upon their request.
(6) A digital labour platform shall also provide a person performing platform work, upon request, with comprehensive and detailed information under subsection 2 on all relevant systems and their features.
(7) A digital labour platform shall provide representatives of persons performing platform work with comprehensive and detailed information under subsection 2 on all relevant systems and their features
a) before the use of those systems,
b) before the introduction of changes affecting the working conditions of persons performing platform work, the organisation of platform work or the monitoring of work performance,
c) at any time upon their request.
(8) A digital labour platform shall provide the Office and the labour inspectorate, upon their request, with comprehensive and detailed information under subsection 2 on all relevant systems and their features and, in the case of information under subsection 2(b), third point, also the category of data and the main parameters that the automated decision-making system took into account in the specific case.
(9) A person performing platform work has the right to portability of personal data processed by means of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system in connection with their performance of platform work, including ratings and reviews.
(10) A digital labour platform shall provide the person performing platform work, free of charge, with tools to effectively exercise their right under subsection 9.
(11) A digital labour platform shall, at the request of the person performing platform work, transmit the personal data under subsection 9 directly to a third party.
§ 9 AI
Human Oversight of the Automated Monitoring System and the Automated Decision-Making System
(1) A digital labour platform shall oversee and regularly, at least once every two years, evaluate the impact of individual decisions taken or supported by the automated monitoring system and the automated decision-making system on persons performing platform work and, in justified cases, also on their working conditions and equal treatment in the performance of platform work. The digital labour platform shall also involve representatives of persons performing platform work in the evaluation under the first sentence.
(2) A digital labour platform shall ensure a sufficient number of natural persons to carry out effective oversight and evaluation under subsection 1. The natural persons under the first sentence must have the competence, training and authority necessary to carry out effective oversight and evaluation under subsection 1, including the authority to override a decision taken or supported by the automated monitoring system or the automated decision-making system. A natural person under the first sentence shall not be subjected to persecution or any other sanction in connection with carrying out oversight and evaluation under subsection 1, including termination of the employment relationship, a penalty for breach of work discipline or unsatisfactory performance of work tasks, or any other measure with equivalent effects.
(3) If oversight or evaluation under subsection 1 reveals that the use of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system poses a high risk of discrimination in platform work or that the rights of a person performing platform work have been infringed by a decision taken or supported by an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system, the digital labour platform shall without delay take measures to remedy the identified shortcomings in order to prevent further such decisions and, where necessary, modify the automated monitoring system or the automated decision-making system or discontinue its use.
(4) A digital labour platform shall without undue delay make the results of the evaluation under subsection 1 available
a) to representatives of persons performing platform work,
b) to persons performing platform work, the Office and the labour inspectorate upon their request.
(5) A decision of a digital labour platform to restrict, suspend or terminate the platform account of a person performing platform work, a decision of a digital labour platform to restrict or suspend the possibility of performing platform work, a decision of a digital labour platform to amend or terminate the contractual relationship with a person performing platform work and a decision of a digital labour platform on any other measure with equivalent adverse effects for a person performing platform work may be assessed and taken only by a natural person.
§ 10 AI
Human Review of a Decision Taken or Supported by an Automated Decision-Making System
(1) A person performing platform work has the right to request from the digital labour platform an explanation of any decision taken or supported by an automated decision-making system. The digital labour platform shall provide the explanation under the first sentence without undue delay, orally or in writing, in a transparent, intelligible and easily accessible form, and the explanation must be formulated in clear and plain language.
(2) A digital labour platform shall designate a contact natural person whom the person performing platform work may approach to discuss and clarify the facts, circumstances and reasons that led to the decision under subsection 1; for that purpose, the digital labour platform shall make available to persons performing platform work at least the e-mail address of the contact natural person. The contact natural person must have the competence, training and authority necessary to carry out the activities under the first sentence.
(3) A digital labour platform shall provide the person performing platform work with a written statement of reasons for any decision taken or supported by an automated decision-making system that results in
a) the restriction, suspension or termination of their platform account,
b) the refusal to pay remuneration for platform work performed,
c) a change in their contractual status,
d) effects equivalent to the effects of decisions under letters a) to c),
e) interference with essential aspects of the contractual relationship with the digital labour platform.
(4) A digital labour platform shall provide the person performing platform work with the statement of reasons under subsection 3 without undue delay and no later than on the day on which the decision under subsection 3 takes effect.
(5) A person performing platform work who considers that the explanation or statement of reasons provided under subsections 1 and 3 is insufficient or that their rights have been infringed by a decision taken or supported by an automated decision-making system has the right to request the digital labour platform, directly or through representatives of persons performing platform work, to review that decision and to provide a reasoned written reply.
(6) The digital labour platform shall, without undue delay and no later than two weeks from the date of submission of the request under subsection 5, review that decision and provide the person performing platform work concerned with a sufficiently precise and duly reasoned written reply.
(7) If a decision taken or supported by an automated decision-making system infringes the rights of a person performing platform work, the digital labour platform shall rectify it without delay and no later than two weeks after that decision was taken. If rectification is not possible, the digital labour platform shall offer adequate compensation for the damage; this is without prejudice to the obligation of the digital labour platform to take appropriate measures to prevent similar decisions from being taken, including modifying or discontinuing the use of the automated decision-making system, where necessary.
(8) A person performing platform work on the basis of a contractual relationship with an intermediary shall exercise the rights under subsections 1 to 7 directly against the digital labour platform or through the intermediary.
(9) Subsections 1 to 8 do not apply to persons performing platform work who are business users under a special regulation.
§ 11 AI
Safety and Health in the Performance of Platform Work
(1) A digital labour platform shall, in the case of platform employees, with regard to the automated monitoring system and the automated decision-making system
a) evaluate the risks of those systems to safety and health in the performance of platform work, in particular possible risks of work-related accidents, psychosocial risks and ergonomic risks,
b) assess whether the safeguards of those systems are appropriate for the risks identified in view of the specific characteristics of the work environment,
c) introduce appropriate preventive and protective measures on the basis of the evaluation and assessment under letters a) and b).
(2) A digital labour platform shall use the automated monitoring system and the automated decision-making system in a manner that does not put undue pressure on platform employees or otherwise endanger their safety, physical health and mental health in the performance of platform work.
(3) Subsections 1 and 2 also apply with regard to an automated system that is not an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system if decisions that in any way affect platform employees are taken or supported by that system.
(4) In order to ensure the prevention of violence and harassment against persons performing platform work, the digital labour platform shall take preventive measures, including effective channels for reporting such incidents to the digital labour platform; if the digital labour platform uses an automated system to evaluate the reports, it shall proceed in accordance with . For the purposes of the first sentence, the digital labour platform shall enable persons performing platform work to report violence and harassment in the performance of platform work to a contact natural person and shall make available to persons performing platform work at least the e-mail address and telephone number of the contact natural person.
(5) A digital labour platform shall, before the commencement of platform work, provide the person performing platform work with basic information and instructions on ensuring safety and health in the performance of platform work relating to the specific type of work performed.
(6) Subsections 1 to 5 are without prejudice to the fulfilment of the employer's obligations in ensuring occupational safety and health under special regulations.
§ 12 AI
Information and Consultation
(1) A digital labour platform shall inform and consult platform employees' representatives on decisions likely to lead to the introduction of an automated monitoring system or an automated decision-making system and on decisions substantially changing the manner of their use. The digital labour platform shall fulfil the obligation under the first sentence in the manner laid down in and .
(2) Platform employees' representatives are entitled, for the purposes of subsection 1, to be assisted by an expert of their choice if this is necessary to assess technical, legal or other aspects of the subject of information or consultation and to deliver an opinion. If the digital labour platform has more than 250 employees in the territory of the Slovak Republic, it shall bear the reasonable costs of the expert under the first sentence.
(3) If there are no platform employees' representatives at the digital labour platform, the digital labour platform shall fulfil the obligations under subsection 1 concerning information directly towards the platform employees concerned. The digital labour platform shall provide the information under subsection 1 in writing in paper form; the digital labour platform may provide that information in electronic form if the platform employee has access to the electronic form of the information, can store and print it, and the digital labour platform keeps proof of its sending or receipt. The information under the second sentence must be provided in a transparent, intelligible and easily accessible form and must be formulated in clear and plain language.
(4) A digital labour platform shall fulfil the obligations under subsections 1 to 3 also where the automated monitoring system or the automated decision-making system is managed by an external service provider that processes data on behalf of the digital labour platform.
TRETIA ČASŤ
TRANSPARENCY OF PLATFORM WORK
§ 13 AI
Notification of Activities of a Digital Labour Platform and an Intermediary in the Territory of the Slovak Republic
(1) A digital labour platform shall, no later than on the day it commences activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic, notify the National Labour Inspectorate of the following data:
a) business name and registered office in the case of a legal person, or business name, first name and surname and place of business in the case of a natural person who is an entrepreneur,
b) the organisation identification number, if assigned, and the register in which it is entered,
c) the name of each service to be provided to recipients of the service through persons performing platform work,
d) the first name, surname, e-mail address, address for service of documents and address of residence of a natural person authorised to receive documents and provide information to public authorities who is located in the territory of the Slovak Republic (hereinafter the "authorised contact person"), if the digital labour platform does not have its registered office or place of business in the territory of the Slovak Republic.
(2) An intermediary shall, no later than on the day it commences activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic, notify the National Labour Inspectorate of the following data:
a) business name and registered office in the case of a legal person, or business name, first name and surname and place of business in the case of a natural person who is an entrepreneur,
b) the organisation identification number, if assigned, and the register in which it is entered,
c) the name of each service to be provided to recipients of the service through persons performing platform work,
d) the business name and registered office in the case of a legal person, or business name, first name and surname and place of business in the case of a natural person who is an entrepreneur, of the digital labour platform or intermediary under with which it has a contractual relationship,
e) the first name, surname, e-mail address, address for service of documents and address of residence of the authorised contact person, if the intermediary does not have its registered office or place of business in the territory of the Slovak Republic.
(3) A digital labour platform and an intermediary shall notify the National Labour Inspectorate without undue delay of
a) any change in the data under subsection 1 or subsection 2, and
b) the cessation of their activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic.
(4) A digital labour platform shall notify the data under subsections 1 and 3 and an intermediary shall notify the data under subsections 2 and 3 through the registration portal available on the website of the National Labour Inspectorate.
§ 14 AI
Access to Information on Platform Work
(1) A digital labour platform shall provide the National Labour Inspectorate and representatives of persons performing platform work with the following information:
a) the number of persons performing platform work, broken down by level of activity and type of contractual relationship, per calendar month,
b) the general terms and conditions determined by the digital labour platform that are applicable to contractual relationships with persons performing platform work,
c) the average duration of activity, the average weekly number of hours worked per person and the average income from activity of persons regularly performing platform work,
d) a list of intermediaries with which the digital labour platform has a contractual relationship, stating their business name and registered office in the case of a legal person, or business name, first name and surname and place of business in the case of a natural person who is an entrepreneur.
(2) A digital labour platform shall provide the National Labour Inspectorate with the information under
a) subsection 1 letter a) by 31 July of the relevant calendar year for the first half of the relevant calendar year and by 31 January of the calendar year following the relevant calendar year for the second half of the relevant calendar year,
b) subsection 1 letter b)
1. no later than on the day of commencement of activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic,
2. whenever those terms and conditions change substantially,
c) subsection 1 letter d)
1. no later than on the day of commencement of activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic,
2. by 31 July of the relevant calendar year for the first half of the relevant calendar year and by 31 January of the calendar year following the relevant calendar year for the second half of the relevant calendar year.
(3) A digital labour platform shall provide representatives of persons performing platform work with the information under
a) subsection 1 letter a) by the deadline and for the period under subsection 2 letter a),
b) subsection 1 letter b)
1. without delay after representatives of persons performing platform work commence their activities at the digital labour platform,
2. whenever those terms and conditions change substantially,
c) subsection 1 letter d)
1. without delay after representatives of persons performing platform work commence their activities at the digital labour platform,
2. by the deadline and for the period under subsection 2 letter c), second point.
(4) A digital labour platform shall provide the information under subsection 1 letter c) without delay at the request of the National Labour Inspectorate or of representatives of persons performing platform work.
(5) The National Labour Inspectorate and representatives of persons performing platform work have the right to request from the digital labour platform additional clarification and details regarding the information provided under subsections 2 to 4, including details regarding the employment relationship. The digital labour platform shall provide a reasoned reply to a request under the first sentence without undue delay.
(6) A digital labour platform shall notify the National Labour Inspectorate of the data under subsections 2 and 4 through the registration portal available on the website of the National Labour Inspectorate.
§ 15 AI
Register of Digital Labour Platforms and Intermediaries
(1) The National Labour Inspectorate shall keep a register of digital labour platforms and intermediaries (hereinafter the "register").
(2) The register contains the data referred to in and and and , and .
(3) The data under and and , except for the address for service of documents and the address of residence of the authorised contact person, and the data under form the public part of the register. The address for service of documents and the address of residence of the authorised contact person under and and the data under and form the non-public part of the register.
(4) The National Labour Inspectorate shall provide the data contained in the register to labour inspectorates.
ŠTVRTÁ ČASŤ
PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS PERFORMING PLATFORM WORK
§ 16 AI
Right to Redress
(1) A person performing platform work who considers that their rights or legally protected interests arising from this Act have been infringed has the right to apply to a court or another competent authority and seek legal protection.
(2) A person performing platform work who considers that their rights arising from this Act have been infringed may lodge a complaint with the labour inspectorate.
§ 17 AI
Determination of the Existence of an Employment Relationship by a Court
(1) A person performing platform work may bring an action before a court for a declaration that the contractual relationship between a digital labour platform or an intermediary and the person performing platform work is an employment relationship and may rely on the legal presumption under subsection 5.
(2) Persons performing platform work may bring a joint action against the same digital labour platform or the same intermediary for a declaration that their contractual relationships with the digital labour platform or intermediary are employment relationships and may rely on the legal presumption under subsection 5.
(3) In addition to the general requirements of a submission, the action must also identify the digital labour platform in respect of which the person performing platform work seeks a declaration of the existence of an employment relationship, or the intermediary in respect of which the person performing platform work seeks a declaration of the existence of an employment relationship, the date from which the person performing platform work seeks a declaration of the existence of an employment relationship, and the health insurance company with which the person performing platform work is compulsorily publicly health-insured under a special regulation.
(4) The parties to the dispute are the person performing platform work and the digital labour platform in respect of which the person performing platform work seeks a declaration of the existence of an employment relationship, or the intermediary in respect of which the person performing platform work seeks a declaration of the existence of an employment relationship.
(5) The contractual relationship between a digital labour platform or an intermediary and a person performing platform work shall be presumed to be an employment relationship if the person performing platform work or a trade union representing the person performing platform work presents facts from which it may reasonably be inferred that platform work is performed in a relationship of superiority of the digital labour platform or intermediary and subordination of the person performing platform work and according to the instructions of the digital labour platform or intermediary, and the digital labour platform or intermediary fails to prove in court proceedings that platform work is not performed in a relationship of superiority of the digital labour platform or intermediary and subordination of the person performing platform work and according to the instructions of the digital labour platform or intermediary.
(6) If the court decides that the contractual relationship between a digital labour platform or an intermediary and a person performing platform work is an employment relationship, the operative part of the court's decision on the existence of the employment relationship must also state the date from which the contractual relationship is deemed to be an employment relationship and identify the employer and the employee. The court shall without delay send the final decision under the first sentence to the Social Insurance Agency, to the health insurance company with which the person performing platform work is compulsorily publicly health-insured under a special regulation, to the Financial Directorate of the Slovak Republic and to the National Labour Inspectorate.
(7) The court competent for proceedings for the determination of the existence of an employment relationship is the court under § 24 Civilného sporového poriadku, and the Code of Civil Contentious Procedure applies to those proceedings unless this Act provides otherwise.
§ 18 AI
Communication Channels for Persons Performing Platform Work
(1) A digital labour platform shall provide persons performing platform work with the possibility to contact and communicate with each other and to contact or be contacted by representatives of persons performing platform work through its digital infrastructure or other equally effective means.
(2) The communication under subsection 1 must be ensured so as to be private and secure; the digital labour platform shall not access or monitor the content of those contacts and communications.
§ 19 AI
Protection against Adverse Treatment, Adverse Consequences and Termination of the Contractual Relationship
(1) A person performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship shall not be subjected to adverse treatment or adverse consequences on account of any proceedings initiated with the aim of enforcing compliance with the obligations laid down by this Act or on account of exercising their rights and legally protected interests arising from this Act or rights arising from a relationship other than an employment relationship. The provision of the first sentence also applies to representatives of persons performing platform work.
(2) If a person performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship considers that their contractual relationship with the digital labour platform or intermediary has been terminated by the digital labour platform or intermediary, or that another measure with equivalent effects has been applied against them, on the grounds referred to in subsection 1, they have the right to request the digital labour platform or intermediary to provide due reasons for that action. The digital labour platform or intermediary shall, upon a request under the first sentence, provide the person performing platform work with written reasons for that action without undue delay.
(3) If a person performing platform work in a relationship other than an employment relationship presents to a court facts from which it may reasonably be inferred that the termination of the contractual relationship by the digital labour platform or intermediary or another measure with equivalent effects occurred on the grounds referred to in subsection 1, the digital labour platform or intermediary must prove that the termination of the contractual relationship or the other measure with equivalent effects occurred on other grounds.
(4) The provision of subsection 2 also applies to a platform employee and to the digital labour platform or intermediary if the obligation to state the reason for terminating the employment relationship does not arise from the Labour Code.
§ 20 AI
Cooperation between the Digital Labour Platform and the Intermediary in Protecting the Rights of Persons Performing Platform Work
(1) A person performing platform work on the basis of a contractual relationship with an intermediary enjoys the same level of protection of their rights and legally protected interests under this Act as a person performing platform work on the basis of a contractual relationship with a digital labour platform. The digital labour platform and the intermediary must establish and ensure an appropriate and effective means by which a person performing platform work on the basis of a contractual relationship with an intermediary can exercise their rights under ; this is without prejudice to .
(2) A digital labour platform shall provide the intermediary with such cooperation as to enable the intermediary to fulfil its obligations under this Act, and the intermediary shall provide the digital labour platform with such cooperation as to enable the digital labour platform to fulfil its obligations under this Act.
(3) The digital labour platform and the intermediary are jointly and severally liable for failure to fulfil the obligations under in relation to a person performing platform work on the basis of a contractual relationship with an intermediary. Failure to fulfil the obligations under is without prejudice to special regulations governing the possibility of claiming compensation for damage from the person liable for it.
§ 21 AI
Supervision
(1) The Office shall supervise compliance with the obligations of the digital labour platform and the intermediary concerning the protection of personal data under . When imposing a fine for breach of the obligations under the first sentence, the Office shall proceed in accordance with special regulations.
(2) The National Labour Inspectorate shall check compliance with the obligations under and towards the National Labour Inspectorate.
(3) The labour inspectorates and the Office shall cooperate in supervising compliance with the obligations under this Act, in particular in assessing the impact of automated monitoring systems or automated decision-making systems used in the performance of platform work, and shall provide each other with the documents and information necessary for carrying out their activities.
§ 22 AI
Administrative Offences
(1) The National Labour Inspectorate is entitled to impose on a digital labour platform or an intermediary a fine of up to EUR 50 000 for breach of an obligation under and towards the National Labour Inspectorate. In the case of a breach of an obligation under , the National Labour Inspectorate is entitled to impose a fine under the first sentence if the digital labour platform or intermediary fails to fulfil the obligation even subsequently, upon its request, within a reasonable time limit set by it.
(2) When imposing a fine under subsection 1, the National Labour Inspectorate shall take into account, in particular, the seriousness of the administrative offence, the seriousness of its consequences, the circumstances in which it was committed and any repeated commission of the same administrative offence.
(3) Proceedings for the imposition of a fine under subsection 1 may be initiated within two years from the day on which the breach of the obligation occurred.
(4) The Administrative Procedure Code applies to proceedings for the imposition of a fine under subsection 1.
(5) A fine under subsection 1 is revenue of the state budget.
ŠTVRTÁ ČASŤ
COMMON, TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS
§ 23 AI
Common Provision
The Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic shall publish on its website information on the legal presumption under and on the possibility of invoking and rebutting it.
§ 24 AI
Transitional Provisions
(1) For the purpose of determining whether a contractual relationship between a digital labour platform or an intermediary and a person performing platform work that arose before 2 December 2026 is an employment relationship, the legal presumption under applies only to the period from 2 December 2026.
(2) A digital labour platform that commenced activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic before 2 December 2026 shall fulfil the obligation under
a) and and by 31 December 2026,
b) and by 31 December 2026 if representatives of persons performing platform work commence their activities at the digital labour platform by 31 December 2026.
(3) An intermediary that commenced activities in the territory of the Slovak Republic before 2 December 2026 shall fulfil the obligation under by 31 December 2026.
(4) The provisions of and and and shall apply for the first time for the first half of 2027.
§ 25 AI
Transposition Provision
This Act transposes the legally binding acts of the European Union listed in prílohe.
Čl. II AI
Act No. Labour Code, as amended by Act No. 165/2002 Z. z., Act No. 408/2002 Z. z., Act No. 210/2003 Z. z., Act No. 461/2003 Z. z., Act No. 5/2004 Z. z., Act No. 365/2004 Z. z., Act No. 82/2005 Z. z., Act No. 131/2005 Z. z., Act No. 244/2005 Z. z., Act No. 570/2005 Z. z., Act No. 124/2006 Z. z., Act No. 231/2006 Z. z., Act No. 348/2007 Z. z., Act No. 200/2008 Z. z., Act No. 460/2008 Z. z., Act No. 49/2009 Z. z., Act No. 184/2009 Z. z., Act No. 574/2009 Z. z., Act No. 543/2010 Z. z., Act No. 48/2011 Z. z., Act No. 257/2011 Z. z., Act No. 406/2011 Z. z., Act No. 512/2011 Z. z., Act No. 251/2012 Z. z., Act No. 252/2012 Z. z., Act No. 345/2012 Z. z., Act No. 361/2012 Z. z., Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic Finding No. 233/2013 Z. z., Act No. 58/2014 Z. z., Act No. 103/2014 Z. z., Act No. 183/2014 Z. z., Act No. 307/2014 Z. z., Act No. 14/2015 Z. z., Act No. 61/2015 Z. z., Act No. 351/2015 Z. z., Act No. 378/2015 Z. z., Act No. 440/2015 Z. z., Act No. 82/2017 Z. z., Act No. 95/2017 Z. z., Act No. 335/2017 Z. z., Act No. 63/2018 Z. z., Act No. 347/2018 Z. z., Act No. 376/2018 Z. z., Act No. 307/2019 Z. z., Act No. 319/2019 Z. z., Act No. 375/2019 Z. z., Act No. 380/2019 Z. z., Act No. 63/2020 Z. z., Act No. 66/2020 Z. z., Act No. 157/2020 Z. z., Act No. 294/2020 Z. z., Act No. 326/2020 Z. z., Act No. 76/2021 Z. z., Act No. 215/2021 Z. z., Act No. 407/2021 Z. z., Act No. 412/2021 Z. z., Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic Resolution No. 539/2021 Z. z., Act No. 82/2022 Z. z., Act No. 125/2022 Z. z., Act No. 222/2022 Z. z., Act No. 248/2022 Z. z., Act No. 350/2022 Z. z., Act No. 376/2022 Z. z., Act No. 1/2023 Z. z., Act No. 50/2023 Z. z., Act No. 309/2023 Z. z., Act No. 530/2023 Z. z., Act No. 172/2024 Z. z., Act No. 178/2024 Z. z., Act No. 323/2024 Z. z., Act No. 324/2024 Z. z., Act No. 399/2024 Z. z., Act No. 77/2025 Z. z., Act No. 142/2025 Z. z., Act No. 261/2025 Z. z., Act No. 300/2025 Z. z., Act No. 406/2025 Z. z. and Act No. 76/2026 Z. z., is supplemented as follows:
In § 3 ods. 2, the words "platform employees," are inserted after the word "parents,".
Čl. III AI
Act No. on Labour Inspection and on amendments and supplements to Act No. 82/2005 Z. z. on Illegal Work and Illegal Employment and on amendments and supplements to certain acts, as amended by Act No. 309/2007 Z. z., Act No. 462/2007 Z. z., Act No. 555/2007 Z. z., Act No. 400/2009 Z. z., Act No. 52/2010 Z. z., Act No. 67/2010 Z. z., Act No. 182/2011 Z. z., Act No. 223/2011 Z. z., Act No. 254/2011 Z. z., Act No. 257/2011 Z. z., Act No. 469/2011 Z. z., Act No. 512/2011 Z. z., Act No. 361/2012 Z. z., Act No. 154/2013 Z. z., Act No. 308/2013 Z. z., Act No. 307/2014 Z. z., Act No. 128/2015 Z. z., Act No. 351/2015 Z. z., Act No. 440/2015 Z. z., Act No. 82/2017 Z. z., Act No. 54/2019 Z. z., Act No. 198/2020 Z. z., Act No. 73/2021 Z. z., Act No. 310/2021 Z. z., Act No. 113/2022 Z. z., Act No. 114/2022 Z. z., Act No. 379/2024 Z. z., Act No. 261/2025 Z. z., Act No. 318/2025 Z. z. and Act No. 76/2026 Z. z., is amended and supplemented as follows:
1. In § 2 ods. 1, letter a) is supplemented by a tenth point, which reads:
„10. a special regulation,3h) which regulates legal relations in the performance of platform work, unless the special regulation provides otherwise,3i)".
Footnotes to references 3h and 3i read:
"3h) Act No. 262/2026 Z. z. on Work Performed through a Digital Labour Platform and on Amendments to Certain Acts.
3i) § 21 ods. 1 and 2 of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
2. In § 2 ods. 3, the following sentence is added at the end: "For the purposes of labour inspection under subsection 1 letter a), tenth point, an employer also includes a digital labour platform6a) and an intermediary.6b)".
Footnotes to references 6a and 6b read:
"6a) § 2 ods. 1 písm. a) of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.
6b) § 2 ods. 1 písm. e) of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
3. In § 2 ods. 4, the third sentence reads: "The labour inspection authorities under the first and second sentences are an affected authority6c) in the discussion of a construction plan, in proceedings on a construction plan or in ordering construction works and, if they so reserve, also in the verification of the construction project, in the final approval of a building, in a change in the use of a building, in the early use of a building, in the temporary use of a building or in the removal of a building, in the case of buildings that will contain workplaces subject to their labour inspection.".
Footnote to reference 6c reads:
"6c) § 21 of the Building Act.".
4. In § 6 ods. 1, a new letter r) is inserted after letter q), which reads:
„r) cooperates with the competent authorities of other Member States of the European Union, states that are contracting parties to the Agreement on the European Economic Area and the Swiss Confederation, including the exchange of information in ensuring supervision of compliance with a special regulation,3h)".
The existing letters r) to x) are redesignated as letters s) to y).
5. Footnote to reference 15aa is supplemented by the following citation:
"Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
6. In § 7 ods. 3, a new letter n) is inserted after letter m), which reads:
„n) notifies the National Labour Inspectorate of facts established in the course of labour inspection for the purposes of a special regulation,18aac)".
The existing letters n) to t) are redesignated as letters o) to u).
Footnote to reference 18aac reads:
"18aac) § 21 ods. 2 of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
7. Footnote to reference 18ca is supplemented by the following citation:
"§ 16 ods. 2 of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
8. § 7 is supplemented by subsection 13, which reads:
„(13) For labour inspection under § 2 ods. 1 písm. a), tenth point, the locally competent labour inspectorate is the one in whose territorial district the place of performance of platform work is located. If local competence cannot be determined under the first sentence, the locally competent labour inspectorate is the one in whose territorial district the employer has its registered office, in the case of a legal person, or its place of business, in the case of a natural person who is an entrepreneur, and if the employer has its registered office or place of business outside the territory of the Slovak Republic, the locally competent labour inspectorate is the one in whose territorial district the address of residence of the authorised natural person under a special regulation is located.18ea) If local competence cannot be determined even under the second sentence, the locally competent labour inspectorate is the one to which the complaint requesting labour inspection was delivered.".
Footnote to reference 18ea reads:
"18ea) § 13 ods. 1 písm. d) and ods. 2 písm. e) of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
9. In § 17 ods. 2 písm. a), the following words are added at the end: "and other data necessary for the purpose of carrying out labour inspection".
10. In § 17, subsection 2 is supplemented by letter d), which reads:
„d) of a person performing platform work24a) to the extent under letter a).".
Footnote to reference 24a reads:
"24a) § 2 ods. 1 písm. c) of Act No. 262/2026 Z. z.".
11. § 18 is supplemented by subsection 6, which reads:
„(6) The National Labour Inspectorate and labour inspectorates are entitled, in performing their tasks in the area of control of illegal work and illegal employment, to request from the tax administrator the information necessary for performing those tasks. The tax administrator shall refuse the request only if the provision of the information could disrupt the proper performance of tax administration. The provision of information necessary for the control of illegal work and illegal employment under the first sentence is not a breach of the obligation to preserve tax secrecy.24b)".
Footnote to reference 24b reads:
"24b) § 11 of Act No. 563/2009 Z. z. on Tax Administration (Tax Code) and on amendments and supplements to certain acts, as amended.".
12. In § 19 ods. 1 písm. a), in the introductory sentence, the words "point, sixth point to ninth point" are replaced by the words "point and sixth point to tenth point".
13. In § 21 ods. 3, the words "and s)" are replaced by the words "and t)".
14. Annex No. 2 is supplemented by a fourth point, which reads:
„4. Directive (EU) 2024/2831 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2024 on improving working conditions in platform work (Ú. v. EÚ L, 2024/2831, 11. 11. 2024).".
Čl. IV AI
This Act enters into force on 2 December 2026.
Príloha k zákonu č. 262/2026 Z. z. AI
Zoznam preberaných právne záväzných aktov Európskej únie
Directive (EU) 2024/2831 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2024 on improving working conditions in platform work (Ú. v. EÚ L, 2024/2831, 11. 11. 2024).
Peter Pellegrini v. r.
Richard Raši v. r.
Robert Fico v. r.

Notes

1) Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (Ú. v. EÚ L 119, 4. 5. 2016), as amended. Act No. on the Protection of Personal Data and on amendments and supplements to certain acts, as amended.

2) . on Employment Services and on amendments and supplements to certain acts, as amended.

3) For example, Article 27 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (Ú. v. EÚ C 202, 7. 6. 2016), , Act No. on the Association of Citizens, as amended, Act No. on Collective Bargaining, as amended.

4) Article 4 ods. 14 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, as amended.

5) Article 35 ods. 1 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, as amended.

6) Article 4 ods. 7 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, as amended.

7) Article 4 ods. 19 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, as amended.

8) Article 20 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, as amended.

9) Article 2 ods. 1 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online intermediation services (Ú. v. EÚ L 186, 11. 7. 2019).

10) For example, , Act No. on Occupational Safety and Health and on amendments and supplements to certain acts, as amended.

11) § 3 zákona č. 580/2004 Z. z. on Health Insurance and on amendments and supplements to Act No. 95/2002 Z. z. on Insurance and on amendments and supplements to certain acts, as amended.

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